as some labour-intensive activities - such as cleaning and surveillance - are essentially based on manpower, an organised grouping of wage earners who are specifically and permanently assigned to a common task can amount to an "economic entity" for the purposes of the Acquired Rights Directive 2001/23/EC and therefore also for purposes of the UK "TUPE regulations".

See Transfer of business or undertaking/what is an ''undertaking''? and/or Transfer of business or undertaking/effect of the TUPE regs for relevant general notes in this program.